How To Remove Fuel Water Separator

By Yard. C. Skipper, Contributing Editor / September 28, 2010

Fuel flows through the inlet cheque valve into the separator body. Water and large contaminants autumn to the lesser, where they can be drained away. Optional fuel heater allows fuel to menstruation through the heated chamber and up to the filter area.

Caterpillar Fuel-h2o separators have greater h2o-removal capabilities to better protect unit injectors, Caterpillar says, and deliver longer secondary fuel filter life. The separator removes 98 percent of debris measuring 10 microns and larger, eliminates free h2o in fuel, and removes 8 percent of dissolved water. For information visit world wide web.cat.com. Stanadyne Stanadyne's Fluid Management Engineering science Sectionalisation offers several fuel-water separators for diesel fuel engines. They include the Fuel Manager FM ten series for diesel engines from ten to 200 hp: FM 100 serial, for diesel engines from ten to 350 hp, and the FM 1000 series for diesels from 250 to 600 hp. Amid the options offered are see-through bowls, electrical heaters and mitt primer pumps. For information visit world wide web.stanadyne.com. John Deere Fuel-filter organisation is composed of a master water separator filter for water and particulate and a final low-micron filter for fine particulate. The h2o separator is made of particularly treated hydrophobic media to remove both water and particulate. For information visit www.johndeere.com. Fleetguard FH234 Series Industrial Pro diesel fuel fuel filtration system from Cummins Filtration features a clear cover providing a view of fuel oxidation and menstruum that enables maintenance managers to see when not to modify filters. Industrial Pro provides sturdy, quick-interim drain for water and contaminants and eliminates unnecessary changes and maintenance, the company says. The fuel/water separator features maximum force and durability, improved efficiency and longer life, reduced restriction to catamenia, and supports extended service intervals.

In this story: Additional features

Water gives life, but it will kill an engine. If not removed from a machine's fuel system, that life-giving h2o volition rust and corrode engine parts. Fuel-h2o separators pull the water out of the system.

But because a product claims to remove 100 pct of the water doesn't quite tell the consummate story, though. There are two types of h2o, says Greg Skeels, filter and fluids technical director for Caterpillar. I is what he refers to as "whole water," and the other is emulsified h2o.

"Think of whole water as drops," he says. "Merely about everything out at that place will remove close to 100 percent of whole h2o. Information technology gets into the fuel because, more probable, information technology'south in the tank at a fueling station. It tin also get into the system equally the fuel is used because the arrangement heats up and cools downwardly. And, too, atmospheric wet can condense and go far."

Hard-to-remove emulsified h2o unremarkably starts out as whole water, says Skeels. As a piece of equipment bumps, bounces and jars its way across a piece of work site, the fuel sloshes effectually. The more than information technology is stirred, the finer the water particles become, says Skeels. As a result, they are dispersed throughout the fuel and eventually stop up in an emulsion, which is difficult to separate.

John Clevenger, Cummins Filtration, cautions fleet managers to make certain whatever fuel-water separator eliminates both "gratis water" and emulsified water. Cummins markets the Fleetguard brand.

"I call it medical-quality fluid cleanliness levels for the fuel system," says Clevenger. "When you lot call back virtually information technology, yous're putting in a agglomeration of dingy fuel and you're trying to get out all that stuff before it reaches the engine."

Free water is visible, he says. "If you put it in a jar, you can see the h2o sitting on top of the fuel. That'south very piece of cake to remove considering information technology's basically already separated. Emulsified h2o, on the other mitt, has been mixed so well into the fuel that it is composed of very, very small bubbles that are almost attached to the fuel."

Water also emulsifies as it is transfered through lines, storage tanks, regional storage tanks, tanker trucks and underground storage tanks. "Every time you pump the fuel, yous mix information technology and emulsify the water," Clevenger says.

Fuel-h2o separators should be considered from two standpoints: the efficiency of the unit to remove particles and its efficiency in removing both types of h2o.

"At that place are a lot of products on the market that remove particles of 20 microns or improve," Skeels says. "From Caterpillar's standpoint, we adopt that everything be 10 microns or meliorate when information technology comes to particles. Simply it is the h2o-removal office where a armada manager has to be careful. Removal of emulsified h2o should be in the depression 90 percent range."

In that location are other factors fleet managers should exist concerned with as well. "One of the showtime things is to find out what the equipment requires," Clevenger says. "The engine may or may not crave a fuel-water separator, simply that doesn't hateful you might not desire to put one on. Another factor is to determine what your objectives are every bit an equipment owner: to keep the unit for a long period of time, to extend PM intervals, or to simplify service?"

Answers to those types of questions, says Clevenger, volition decide what a fleet managing director should wait for in a fuel-water separator. Clevenger identifies three types of fuel-water separators. 1 is a standard, on-engine spin-on type; another is a remote-mounted spin-on; and a third is a remote mountain housing, which Fleetguard calls a processor.

"The spin-on type comes standard on an engine," says Clevenger. "The remote mount spin-on is mounted on the frame runway or some other off-engine location and may have things similar primer pumps or heaters. It will have a spin-on filter and many times a clear, plastic bottom bowl."

Remote mount housing has a self-contained water separator system that is as well remotely mounted on the frame rails. Information technology has a number of benefits, Clevenger says: articulate covers, clear bottom bowls, heaters, water and fuel sensors and bank check valves.

Diego Navarro, service marketing director, John Deere Construction and Forestry, says there are besides h2o-separator kits available. "Some h2o-separator kits have water sensors, see-through bowls, hand-priming pumps, filter-restriction indicators, heating elements and self-purging valves — all options that can come in handy during equipment maintenance."

Boosted features

For fleets that operate in cold climates, managers should consider an add-on heater. Heaters prevent h2o from freezing and diesel fuel from gelling.

"A heater lets you warm upward the fuel so information technology circulates through the engine," Skeels says. "Some other nice improver is a fuel-water sensor that goes into the filter and tells y'all when the basin is full of water. This eliminates the need for draining the bowl unless the h2o actually needs to be drained."

Iii types of heaters are bachelor, Clevenger says.

DC heaters, which come in 12 and 24 volts, are generally considered preheaters. The ignition key is turned to the on position for about iii minutes before starting the engine. It heats the fuel inside the filter envelope and allows it to flow through the filter without getting waxed up.

Ac heaters tin be used either as pre-heaters or as overnight heaters. In cold, vehicles are plugged into block warmers overnight. This keeps the fuel warm inside the filter envelope and avoids start-up problems. Liquid heaters employ coolant or return fuels to heat the fuel in the housing, and they run all the time, says Clevenger. "Fleets use this type if they operate in extremely cold climates or if they run a high percentage of biodiesel." The advantage of fluid rut, he says, is that it puts out "a tremendous amount of oestrus in terms of voltage, probably equal to a 1200-watt heater."

As refined and sophisticated as today's fuel-h2o separators are, developments throughout the industry are making new demands and throwing down an array of new challenges for production designers and engineers.

Since the task of a fuel-water separator system is to protect the engine, and some engines are running off biodiesel, the focus now is on filter media, says Skeels .

"Biodiesel is a dissimilar animal," he says, "and we've got to figure out what is the best product solution to dissever h2o from different biodiesel mixtures. We're doing some bones research and evolution on this.

"Nosotros're looking at different media designs and configurations that piece of work improve with biodiesel," he says. The primary event is that biodiesel is a great emulsifier in and of itself. Water tends to disperse in information technology very early and becomes mixed and difficult to dissever."

Clevenger says that as engines continue to develop in response to emissions requirements, they volition require even more fuel-h2o separation and particle removal. "You accept to accept out as much water as possible with the new engines because the trend is moving fuel arrangement pressures up toward 30,000 psi," he says. "Holes are drilled into the injectors that are measured in microns; you tin can't fifty-fifty see them with the naked middle. That's the holes the fuel is being pushed through. Y'all're dealing with tolerances in the injectors that utilise to exist in the thousandths of an inch. They're at present moving to the iii- and 5-micron range. With tolerances similar that, yous can't have water because water going through a x micron hole will wear the hole wider. That will significantly impact the engine operation and emissions."

Navarro concurs. "Given the high injection pressures of Tier 2 and Tier iii engines, fuel cleanliness is a must. To make sure that the fuel is uncommonly clean when it reaches the injection pump, providers are switching to two-stage, depression-micron filtration."

Keep an middle on fuel-h2o separators, considering water kills. The purer the fuel, the more efficient and long-lasting the engine and the machine.

How To Remove Fuel Water Separator,

Source: https://www.constructionequipment.com/how-remove-water-fuel

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